今日文獻聚焦於拒學的兩個重要影響因素:網路霸凌與二手菸暴露,分別從心理社會與環境健康角度探討其與學生學校適應問題的關聯,提示需從多層面介入以改善出席率與心理健康。
Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking · Relationship Between Cyberbullying and Social Anxiety, School Refusal, and Academic Goals in Adolescents.
發現與學校相關的回避行為(如拒學)與網路霸凌的三種角色(受害者、施害者、旁觀者)皆呈正相關,提示拒學可能是網路霸凌的共同後果或風險因子,需納入預防與介入策略。
Preventive medicine reports · Secondhand smoke exposure at home and school absenteeism among children in the United States: national estimates of attributable missed school days.
首次全國估計顯示,家庭二手菸暴露與兒童多缺0.95天學校日數相關,2024年全美約26.6萬天缺席歸因於此,提醒環境健康干預可改善出席率。