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Patients With Older-Age Bipolar Disorder (OABD) Visiting a Memory Clinic: Differentiating Underlying Pathophysiology With MRI and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers.
Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · Patients With Older-Age Bipolar Disorder (OABD) Visiting a Memory Clinic: Differentiating Underlying Pathophysiology With MRI and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers.
在OABD就診記憶門診的患者中,超過70%無明顯神經退化性診斷,但較低的腦脊液Aβ42濃度與認知功能下降顯著相關,提示阿爾茲海默病様病理可能是OABD認知障礙的重要潛在機制。
P102位年齡≥60歲、有認知抱怨的OABD患者(來自阿姆斯特丹老年癡呆隊列)
I記憶門診標準診斷流程,包括臨床評估、神經心理測驗、MRI視讀評分及腦脊液生物標記(Aβ42、T-Tau、P-Tau)
C具有明確神經診斷(如阿茲海默症) vs 無明確診斷的OABD患者
O29人(28.4%)獲得神經診斷(其中6例阿茲海默症);在其餘73人中,較低CSF Aβ42濃度顯著預測較低複合認知分數(β = -0.143, p = 0.034),而T-Tau、P-Tau及MRI標記無顯著關聯
Low-dose lithium vs valproate and incident dementia diagnoses in older adults: A propensity-matched cohort study using electronic health record data.
Psychiatry research · Low-dose lithium vs valproate and incident dementia diagnoses in older adults: A propensity-matched cohort study using electronic health record data.
在60歲以上無既往躁鬱症或神經退化性疾病的成人中,低劑量鋰( serum ≤0.40 mmol/L)使用者相較於丙戊酸鹽使用者,痴呆發生率顯著降低62%(HR 0.38, 95%CI 0.24–0.60),且死亡風險亦降低44%。
PTriNetX電子健康紀錄中,2015–2025年間首次使用低劑量鋰(≤0.40 mmol/L)或丙戊酸鹽的 ≥60歲成人,排除既往癡呆、輕度認知障礙、躁鬱症、帕金森症等
I低劑量鋰治療(目標血清濃度≤0.40 mmol/L)
C丙戊酸鹽治療
O匹配後853人/組:鋰組痴呆發生率3.1% vs 丙戊酸鹽組8.3%,HR=0.38(95%CI 0.24–0.60,p<.001);死亡HR=0.56;住院率無顯著差異
Lithium versus valproate in bipolar disorder: Associations with dementia, mortality, suicide attempt, and end-stage renal disease in adults aged 45 years and older - a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.
Psychiatry research · Lithium versus valproate in bipolar disorder: Associations with dementia, mortality, suicide attempt, and end-stage renal disease in adults aged 45 years and older - a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study.
在45歲以上躁鬱症患者中,鋰治療組相較於丙戊酸鹽組,痴呆風險降低34%(HR 0.689, 95%CI 0.578–0.822),自殺未遂風險降低41%(HR 0.594),且未增加腎衰竭或死亡風險。
PTriNetX網路中,2000–2025年間首次使用鋰或丙戊酸鹽的 ≥45歲躁鬱症患者(n=3056/組)
I首次使用鋰治療
C首次使用丙戊酸鹽治療
O鋰組:痴呆7.1% vs 丙戊酸鹽組10.8%(HR 0.689);自殺未遂:鋰組較低(HR 0.594);無顯著差異於血管性痴呆、死亡、腎衰竭
Cortical Thickness in Middle and Older Aged Adults With Bipolar Disorder Across Six International Sites.
Bipolar disorders · Cortical Thickness in Middle and Older Aged Adults With Bipolar Disorder Across Six International Sites.
在40–70歲躁鬱症患者中,腦前葉外側及背外側皮質厚度顯著減少,且與年齡負相關;鋰使用與前極及前 cingulate 皮質厚度增加相關,提示其可能緩解皮質萎縮。
P來自六個GAGE-BD協作站點的308名躁鬱症患者與287名對照組,年齡40–70歲
I結構MRI測量皮質厚度(34區域)
C躁鬱症 vs 非精神疾病對照組
O躁鬱症組在 ventral PFC 及 dorsal PFC 皮質厚度顯著降低(pFDR<0.05),隨年齡增加而減薄(p<0.05);鋰使用與前極及前 cingulate 厚度增加相關(pFDR<0.05);年齡與診斷組無顯著交互作用
Neurofilament Light Chain as a Biomarker in Geriatric Psychiatry Practice: A Narrative Review.
The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · Neurofilament Light Chain as a Biomarker in Geriatric Psychiatry Practice: A Narrative Review.
血清神經纖維輕鏈(NfL)在老年精神醫學中可作為神經軸突損傷的非特異性生物標記,其水平隨年齡與腎功能上升,老年躁鬱症患者多處於年齡調整後正常範圍,但升高則提醒併存神經退化可能性。
P65歲以上接受精神科評估的老年人,包括神經退化性疾病與主要精神疾病(如躁鬱症、抑鬱症)患者
I血漿或血清NfL濃度測定
C神經退化性疾病 vs 原發性精神疾病 vs 健康對照
ONfL濃度隨年齡增加;神經退化性疾病顯著升高;原發性精神疾病(含躁鬱症)多處於年齡與併存症調整後正常範圍;在輕度行為障礙或晚-onset精神症狀中,基礎NfL升高與縱向增加預測潛藏神經退化風險
📚其他值得關注的文獻
Higher blood pressure is associated with lower cerebral blood flow in youth with bipolar disorder.
Journal of affective disorders
在青少年躁鬱症患者中,較高的舒張壓與收縮壓顯著關聯較低的腦血流量,尤其在前額葉區域,此關聯在對照組中不存在,提示高血壓可能加重躁鬱症神經血管功能障礙。
Neural Markers of Reward Valuation and Impulsive Decision-Making in Mania Risk.
JAMA psychiatry
在躁鬱症高危青年成人中,左外側前葉與前補充運動區的獎勵期待激活與衝動決策(延遲折扣)顯著關聯,但與抑鬱症嚴重程度無顯著調節作用,支持其為躁瘋風險的獨立神經標記。
The Association Between Lithium Use and Physical Comorbidities Across Age Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Global Aging and Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder (GAGE-BD) Project.
Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
鋰使用者在心血管、呼吸、泌尿生殖及內分泌系統的併發症 prevalence 較低,但此保護效應隨年齡增長而減弱,約在43歲後心血管併發症風險趨於平衡,提示鋰的身體保護作用具年齡依賴性。
Living With Electroconvulsive Therapy-A Qualitative Study of the Subjective Experiences of Patients Having Continuation or Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy.
The journal of ECT
接受維持性電痙攣療法(C/M-ECT)的患者普遍認為其為『救命最後手段』,儘管認知副作用異質,多經適應策略緩解,且利益被視為超過風險,但後勤、污名與家庭支持為主要影響因素。
Inequalities in mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection for people with severe mental illness during and following vaccination roll-out in England: a retrospective, whole-country linked cohort study.
The lancet. Psychiatry
英格蘭重度精神疾病患者在COVID-19疫苗接種後死亡風險雖有下降,但相較於一般族群仍顯著升高,尤其在未接種或免疫反應不良 subgroup 中持續存在,提示需持續優先保護此高風險群。
The impact of affective symptoms and mood instability on sexual desire and sexual distress in newly diagnosed bipolar disorder: a longitudinal study.
Journal of psychiatric research
新診斷躁鬱症患者中,抑鬱症狀降低性慾並增加性困擾,而躁狂症狀增加性慾;情緒不穩顯著預測性困擾增加,提示性功能問題需同時關注情緒狀態與其變異性,而非僅極性episode。
Evening chronotype is associated with affective temperaments, emotional dysregulation, and bipolar-spectrum features: An observational study in 1997 adults from a large community sample.
Journal of affective disorders
晚上型節律型態與較高的抑鬱、焦慮、易怒、環律性氣質、情緒調節困難及躁鬱謎題分數顯著相關,提示昏睡節律可作為躁鬱謎題特質的行為標記,但受肥胖、吸煙、學生身份等因素影響。
Differential pathways to loneliness in bipolar disorder: The role of childhood adversity and social support by psychotic features.
Journal of affective disorders
伴有精神病特征的躁鬱症患者報告顯著更高孤獨感與情感忽視,且社會支持無法緩解童年逆境對孤獨的影響,提示此亞群需額外創傷知照與社會認知介入,而非僅依賴社會支持。
Mental Health Conditions and Incident Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study of 402,255 UK Biobank Participants.
International journal of cancer
躁鬱症診斷與整體癌症風險增加29%相關(HR 1.29),尤其在男性中顯著(HR 1.54),提示躁鬱症長期管理應納入癌症風險評估與預防策略,儘管因果關係尚待確認。
Mood switching in 1629 antidepressant-treated bipolar disorder patients.
Journal of affective disorders
在抗憂鬱藥物治療的躁鬱症患者中,27.6% 出現情緒轉躁(尤以雙相II型為主),轉躁與較高年齡、較多病發次數、精神病家族史及自殺企圖史顯著獨立相關,提示臨床師需警惕老年患者及高風險群在抗憂鬱藥物使用時的轉躁風險。
Associations of lung function abnormalities with the onset and progression of mental disorders in the UK Biobank.
Journal of affective disorders
肺功能異常(特別是PRISm+RSP模式)顯著增加精神疾病首次發病與惡化風險,尤其在老年男性吸煙族群中,提示呼吸健康應納入精神科長期追蹤,兩領域需整合照護。
Age-stratified associations between severe mental illness, dementia, and ischemic stroke: findings from the PADRIS-PRESTO cohort.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
重度精神疾病(含躁鬱症)患者痴呆與缺血性中風風險顯著升高,尤其在年輕及中年階段最為顯著(30–39歲痴呆OR=23.21),提示精神科早期介入應納入神經血管風險篩選,而非僅聚焦情緒症狀。
Quality in specialist palliative care for patients with pre-existing severe mental disorders: A retrospective cohort study.
Palliative medicine
有既往重度精神疾病(含躁鬱症)的安靜療護患者較少完成症狀評估(RR 1.49),且若同時接受精神科治療則等待時間更長、療程更短,提示此群體在終末期照護中面臨系統性障礙,需強化跨域協作與症狀評估支援。
Amblyopia and adult health: a comprehensive analysis of long-term systemic, sensory and mental health comorbidities in a national cohort.
The British journal of ophthalmology
成人弱視與雙眼失明、肥胖、2型糖尿病、心血管疾病及多項神經精神疾病(包括躁鬱症OR=1.35)顯著相關,提示早期視力問題可能反映共享發育風險,而非單獨眼部疾病,需整合發育史評估。
Polygenic Risk for Insomnia in Relation to Sleep Disturbance and Psychiatric Characteristics in Youth with Mood Disorders.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
青少年情緒障礙患者失聰基因風險分數較高,並與失眠嚴重程度及躁狂症狀(尤在女性中)顯著相關,提示睡眠基因風險可能為情緒不穩的早期標記,但受性別調節,臨床應用尚需謹慎。
Association between lithium and arterial atherosclerosis in physically healthy bipolar disorder.
Journal of affective disorders
在身體健康的躁鬱症患者中,較低血清鋰水平與較高頸動脈內中厚度(CIMT)顯著相關,而較高鋰水平與較長病程獨立關聯較低CIMT,提示鋰可能具動脈粥樣硬化保護作用,但受病程與體重影響,體重管理為關鍵共干預。
Parental but not child reports of affective lability in offspring predict conversion to bipolar disorder in youth at increased genetic risk.
Journal of affective disorders
在高家族風險青少年中,僅父母報告的情緒不穩(特別是易怒與焦慮/抑鬱因子)可預測日後發展為躁鬱症,而兒童自我報告無此預測力,提示臨床早期篩檢應重視親方觀察而非僅依賴兒童自報。
Multimodal digital phenotyping of bipolar disorder subtypes: Differences between bipolar disorder I and II based on passive and active behavioral features from smartphones.
Journal of affective disorders
被動智慧型手機感測資料(如GPS、加速度計)無法有效區分雙相I型與II型,但個人化模型(結合被動與主動自報)達成較佳辨識力(AUC 0.77+),提示數位表型在個人化追蹤而非群體分類中具潛力。
Accelerated biological aging in bipolar disorder as determined by artificial intelligence-based electrocardiographic assessment.
Journal of affective disorders
躁鬱症患者經AI-ECG評估顯示生理年齡較實際年齡平均大2.5歲,且較可能出現加速老化(DA ≥1SD),此現象與傳統心血管風險因子獨立,提示躁鬱症可能伴隨系統性生理老化,需關注長期身體健康。
Risk of self-harm in first-diagnosed mental disorders: A 16-year territory-wide health-record database study in Hong Kong.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
香港首次診斷精神疾病者自傷風險顯著升高(HR 10.59),躁鬱症為第六高風險群(HR 6.43),尤其在青年以及女性中更顯著,提示自傷預防需納入早期精神疾病識別與性別敏感介入。
Antidepressant use and risk of bipolar disorder in children, adolescents and young adults with unipolar depression: a target trial emulation study.
European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
在兒童與青少年單極抑鬱症患者中,抗憂鬱藥物使用並未顯著增加短期(12週)雙相症轉換風險,52週後輕微增加(HR 2.14)但此關聯可能反轉為危險因子(如精神病史、住院史)之混雜效應,而非藥物因果作用。
Comparative risk of early-onset dementia with lithium versus valproate in bipolar disorder: A real-world cohort study.
Journal of affective disorders
在18–60歲新診斷躁鬱症患者中,鋰起始療程相較於丙戊酸鹽降低早-onset癡呆風險18.5%(HR 0.815),此保護效應在追踪至10年及敏感性分析中穩定,支持鋰在年輕成人躁鬱症中的長期神經保護作用。
Resting magnetoencephalography alterations in severe mental illnesses: A systematic review.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
靜態腦磁圖(MEG)顯示躁鬱症、精神分裂症與重度抑鬱症在beta波功率上可能共享異常,而複雜度與年齡的關聯在躁鬱症與精神分裂症中呈現異常下降(與正常老化相反),提示MEG可協助區分神經進展型與狀態依賴型精神疾病軌跡。
An evaluation of the differences in thalamic nuclei and subnuclei among patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging
情感分裂症患者較精神分裂症患者顯著減少右側丘腦總體積及特定核心(腹外側後、腹內側、內側、內層狀)體積,這些區域與邊緣系統、注意力及疼痛處理相關,提示情感分裂症在右側丘腦limbic circuits的異常可能有助於其病生理區別。