今日文獻聚焦於 ADHD 的早期生物標記與次分型精準醫療,亮點在於透過臍帶血代謝物預測兒童發病風險,以及利用大腦神經網絡變化來區分伴隨雙相情緒障礙家族風險的特殊 ADHD 亞型。
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · Different Changes in Brain Functional Networks Following 12-Week Psychostimulant Treatment in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Youth With and Without Familial Risk for Bipolar I Disorder.
針對具雙相情緒障礙症家族史的ADHD青年,興奮劑治療會引發獨特的大腦網絡變化(如右側杏仁核效率下降),且其大腦基線的連接異常可預測治療成效,凸顯了精準醫療在共病高風險群體中的重要性。
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · A Prospective Birth Cohort Study on the Association Between Cord Blood Acylcarnitine Profile and Childhood Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
研究發現,臍帶血中較高的短鏈與長鏈酰基肉鹼(反映粒線體脂肪酸代謝異常)會顯著增加兒童日後罹患ADHD的風險,為早期的代謝機制與偵測提供新方向。
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · Altered Processing of Auditory Distractions Under Competing Inputs in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
ADHD兒童在進行視覺任務時,大腦無法根據注意力需求調節對背景聲音的反應(缺乏MMN振幅調節),且對聽覺干擾表現出過度敏感,這解釋了他們在教室等環境中容易分心的神經生理機制。
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · Editorial: Stimulant-Evoked Neural Trajectories Reveal Distinct Neurobiological Phenotypes for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Based on Familial Risk.
本社論探討如何透過興奮劑治療後的大腦網絡變化,來區分單純ADHD與帶有雙相情緒障礙症家族風險的ADHD亞型,強調臨床上需要可靠的生物標記來預防治療誘發的躁症。
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · Editorial: Early Metabolic Drivers of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Potential Pathways to Early Detection and Novel Interventions.
本社論指出,自閉症與ADHD等神經發展障礙不僅具備遺傳性,細胞生化途徑(如粒線體代謝)的早期失調可能是跨疾病的共同病理基礎,為早期偵測與介入帶來新契機。