今日文獻趨勢高度聚焦於ADHD的「共病症」與「生理機制」,特別是睡眠呼吸中止症對兒童ADHD的影響,以及成人ADHD的心血管風險與女性荷爾蒙的交互作用,為臨床跨專科整合照護提供了重要實證。
Journal of attention disorders · Association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
ADHD兒童中有高達44%合併有阻塞性睡眠呼吸中止症(OSA),且治療OSA(如腺樣體扁桃體切除術)能顯著改善ADHD症狀,強烈建議臨床醫師將睡眠評估納入常規檢查。
Journal of attention disorders · Cardiovascular Medicine Use Among Adults With ADHD: A Nationwide Study in Australia.
全國性研究顯示,成人ADHD患者使用心血管藥物(尤其是 propranolol)的比例顯著高於非ADHD者,且在18-29歲年輕族群中差異最大。
Journal of attention disorders · "Controlled by Female Hormones": A Qualitative Interview Study of Swedish Women's Experiences of Gender-Specific Aspects of Life With ADHD.
質性研究指出,女性ADHD患者深受月經週期與荷爾蒙波動影響,特別在經前時期症狀加劇,且普遍對醫療人員缺乏相關認知感到挫折。
Journal of attention disorders · Visceral Adipose Tissue Accumulation in Children With Obesity and Co-occurring ADHD: A Case-Control Analysis of Body Fat Distribution Patterns.
合併肥胖與ADHD的兒童,其內臟脂肪面積與脂肪質量指數顯著高於單純肥胖兒童,且伴隨更差的代謝指標。
Journal of attention disorders · Multinutrient Supplementation in Children With ADHD Reduced Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Immune Factors in the MADDY Randomized Controlled Trial.
MADDY隨機對照試驗發現,為期8週的多營養素補充劑能改變ADHD兒童的Th2免疫途徑,降低IL-5和IL-13等發炎因子。
Journal of attention disorders · The Relationship Between Inhibitory Control of Attention and fMRI Functional Connectivity in Children With and Without ADHD.
利用ABCD資料庫分析發現,注意力抑制控制與大腦功能連結的關聯性不受ADHD診斷影響,支持了注意力缺陷在神經生物學上是一種跨診斷的維度特徵。
Journal of attention disorders · Profile of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Signature Cytokines and Microglia Regulatory Cytokines in ADHD and Healthy Controls: A Neuroimmunological Approach.
研究發現ADHD青少年存在以Th1/Th17為主的促發炎反應活化,且IL-12與IL-17可作為具中度鑑別力的ADHD潛在生物標誌物。
Journal of attention disorders
研究發現ADHD兒童的血清軸突導引分子Netrin-1濃度顯著高於常人,且與過動症狀及執行功能受損呈正相關。
Journal of attention disorders
ADHD兒童及青少年的血清Claudin-5濃度較低,而β-catenin較高,這可能暗示血腦屏障滲透性異常與ADHD的病理機制有關。