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Aripiprazole once-monthly for patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder: Number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed.
Journal of affective disorders · Aripiprazole once-monthly for patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder: Number needed to treat, number needed to harm, and likelihood to be helped or harmed.
長效注射劑aripiprazole在雙相I型障礙維持治療中顯示良好獲益風險比，NNT=5，LHH=200，支持其作為長期維持療法的臨床實用性。
P雙相I型障礙患者
I每月一次肌肉注射aripiprazole 400mg
C安慰劑
O任何情緒episodes復發的比例；因治療 emergent 不良事件導致停藥
Clinical outcomes of psychotic depression in Sweden: a nationwide register study.
Journal of affective disorders · Clinical outcomes of psychotic depression in Sweden: a nationwide register study.
精神病性憂鬱患者在確診後36週內有25.1%再住院且0.8%自殺身亡，ECT治療者達成應答率89.8%、緩解率48.4%，凸顯ECT在TRD中的關鍵角色。
P瑞典2012-2020年首次診斷為精神病性極性憂鬱的患者 (N=8048)
I各種治療模式（含ECT、藥物治療）
C未特別設計對照組，以登記資料描述自然歷程
O精神科再住院率、自殺死亡率、ECT治療下的Clinical Global Impressions Scale應答與緩解率
Impact of amyloid-Beta on the functional hierarchies and clinical outcomes in late-life depression.
Journal of affective disorders · Impact of amyloid-Beta on the functional hierarchies and clinical outcomes in late-life depression.
晚年憂鬱伴Aβ+者在治療後臨床緩解顯著較差（p<0.001），功能連接梯度僵化（hierarchical rigidity）可能為其治療抵抗的神經生物學基礎，提示Aβ負荷為TRD的潛在生物標記。
P晚年憂鬱患者 (N=93)，分為Aβ+ (n=44) 與Aβ- (n=49) 組
I標準抗抑鬱治療（自然觀察）
CAβ- 組
O治療後臨床緩解率；功能連接梯度（FC gradients）變化
Associations between maternal lipid metabolism in early pregnancy and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety: results from a longitudinal cohort of 266 women.
Journal of psychiatric research · Associations between maternal lipid metabolism in early pregnancy and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety: results from a longitudinal cohort of 266 women.
孕早期甘油三酯升高及TG/HDL比值≥1.9與產後憂鬱症狀顯著相關（p<0.001），TG/HDL比值為獨立預測因子（Adj OR 1.65），提示代謝指標可能用於產後憂鬱風險篩選。
P孕婦cohort (N=266)，於孕12週測空腹血脂
I無（觀察性研究）
C低TG/HDL組 vs 高TG/HDL組 (≥1.9)
O產後3個月以EPDS >12定義之憂鬱症狀；BAI焦慮症狀
Baseline inability-to-feel severity is associated with fewer first-year days well in bipolar disorder: A STEP-BD analysis.
Journal of affective disorders · Baseline inability-to-feel severity is associated with fewer first-year days well in bipolar disorder: A STEP-BD analysis.
基線anhedonia（MADRS item 8）嚴重度預測雙相障礙患者第一年較少「良好狀態」天數（約少18天/年），效應獨立於整體抑鬱嚴重度。
P雙相障礙患者 (N=2576) 來自STEP-BD研究
I自然觀察治療
CMADRS item 8得分低 (0-3) vs 高
O第一年「良好狀態」天數比例；功能與生活品質為次要結果
📚其他值得關注的文獻
Impaired low-frequency temporal prediction links to psychomotor dysfunction in depression.
Journal of psychiatric research
憂鬱患者在低頻率（<1Hz）時間預測上存在特異性失調，與精神運動遲緩及植物性症狀相關，提示運動-感覺預測信號傳導功能障礙而非純運動執行問題。
Insomnia beyond emotion regulation in adolescent anxiety and depression: A severity-based analysis.
Journal of psychiatric research
在青少年焦慮與憂鬱中，失眠在調節情緒之後仍能獨立預測症狀，尤其在臨床組中對憂鬱的解釋變異量較情緒調節為大，支持將睡眠干預納入核心治療。
Are converging Kaplan-Meier curves evidence of converging treatment effects in treatment-resistant depression?
Journal of affective disorders
探討在TRD中，Kaplan-Meier曲線收斂是否真正代表治療效應趨同，質疑常見分析方法的解釋，提醒研究者注意生存分析的陷阱。
Substance Use and Antidepressant Response to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Major Depressive Disorder.
Journal of affective disorders
在接受rTMS治療的MDD患者中，酒精、尼古丁及大麻使用與PHQ-9改變無顯著關聯，顯示在此樣本中物質使用非主要影響rTMS療效的因素。
Investigating functional connectivity differences during food vs. monetary reward processing across appetitive phenotypes of major depressive disorder.
Journal of affective disorders
MDD的兩種食慾表型（暴食型vs少食型）在食物vs金錢獎賞處理時展現對稱的前額縮條網絡連接模式，支持以神經圈層分型來理解獎賞處理異常。
Two neuroanatomical subtypes of major depressive disorder exhibit dissociable clinical profiles and distinct molecular signatures.
Journal of affective disorders
透過SuStaIn模型識別MDD的兩種神經解剖亞型，具不同臨床特徵（如內疚vs失眠）與分子特徵（突觸vs染色質調控），提供生物學分層框架。
Dissociable roles of frontal electroencephalography markers in depression: Predictive value of frontal alpha asymmetry and responsive changes in beta power following home-based brain stimulation.
Journal of psychiatric research
基額前額α非對稱性（FAA）可預測tDCS治療反應，而β波變化則依刺激時長而異，支持EEG作為個人化神經調控的生物標記。
Altered perivascular water diffusivity links childhood trauma and major depressive disorder: A multimodal integration of cognition, neuroimaging, and transcriptomics.
Journal of affective disorders
童年創傷經由降低的perivascular水擴散率（DTI-ALPS）部分介導至MDD發生，連結糾質系統功能、血管完整性與認知功能，提醒早期生活壓力的神經生物學嵌入。
Effect of a digital mindfulness intervention for mild-to-moderate late-life depression: A randomized controlled trial.
Journal of psychiatric research
數位正念介入（FocusZen）在輕中度晚年憂鬱中顯著改善憂鬱、焦慮、睡眠與認知，並增加前額theta/alpha波活動，支持非藥物療法在老年群的應用。
Sex-specific cognitive profiles and correlations with dimensional symptoms in first-episode major depressive disorder.
Journal of affective disorders
首次發病MDD中，男性以睡眠障礙影響處理速度為主，女性則睡眠障礙廣泛影響多認知域，提示性別特化認知介入的必要性。
Prenatal inflammation and postpartum anxiety: Findings from a prospective pregnancy cohort in New York City.
Journal of affective disorders
孕晚期炎症標誌（IL-6, IL-17A, IL-1β, CRP）與產後焦慮無顯著關聯，但既往焦慮/憂鬱病史是最強預測因子，提示產後焦慮風險主要來既往精神病史而非當時炎症。
Sustainable eating for a healthy mind: Association between the EAT-Lancet diet and depression subtypes in a Swiss cohort.
Journal of affective disorders
高度遵循EAT-Lancet飲食與非典型憂鬱風險降低相關（RRR=0.68），但與憂鬱其他亞型無關聯，提示飲食在憂鬱亞型中的作用具有特異性。
Neuroelectrophysiological clinical exploration of reward expectation and sensitivity abnormalities in adolescent melancholic MDD.
Journal of affective disorders
青少年黑色素性MDD中，SPN升高與RewP降低與快感缺失相關，dTMS介入後臨床及電生理指標改善，但缺乏對照組限制解釋。
Risk factors associated with death by suicide in people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder in comparison with major depressive disorder: A descriptive study.
Journal of psychiatric research
BPD自殺風險主要由童年逆境、自傷史及關係突裂驅動，而MDD則由生活事件與物質使用惡化主導，支持建立病症特定的自殺風險評估。
Top-down rather than bottom-up attention processing mediates the pathway from childhood trauma exposure to depression in adolescents.
Journal of psychiatric research
在青少年中，童年創傷導致憂鬱的路徑經由頂下注意力控制功能障礙（非底上）進行中介，提示執行注意力為創傷相關憂鬱的早期干預目標。
Effects of bupropion and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on sexual function, depression severity and cognitive performance in individuals with major depressive disorder - results from a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized intervention.
Journal of psychiatric research
在服用bupropion的MDD患者中，主動rTMS改善女性性功能與認知表現，但對憂鬱嚴重度及男性性功能無顯著效應，提示rTMS的益處可能具性別特異性。
Psychopathology, cognitive and social function, and ERP indices at the lower state of psychosis continuum: a case control study.
Journal of psychiatric research
精神病樣體驗者在社會認知及P3a潛伏期顯著異常，但神經認知與社會功能未受影響，支持PLEs為精神病連續體上具有選擇性認知社會脆弱性的狀態。
Depression polygenic risk-linked multimodal MRI network and associated cognitive dysfunction.
Journal of affective disorders
憂鬱多基因風險分數與額葉-顳葉功能連接（ALFF）降低相關，並預測記憶表現較差，初步支持基因-腦-認知通路在MDD中的作用。
Treatment outcomes across subgroups of stroke survivors receiving psychological treatment for anxiety and depression.
Journal of affective disorders
中風後接受心理治療的焦慮與憂鬱患者，無論依中風類型或治療時機分層，康復率均約50-55%，顯示中風變項本身對心理治療獲益影響有限。
Understanding how depression genetic liability shapes executive function: Epidemiological evidence for symptom-mediated pathways.
Journal of affective disorders
憂鬱多基因風險分數與執行功能不良相關，但此關聯部份由青少年憂鬱症狀中介（7-12%），提示症狀減輕可能緩解遺傳風險對認知的負面影響。
Abnormal directed functional connectivity in emotional cognitive control in patients with major depressive disorder.
Journal of psychiatric research
MDD患者在情緒認知控制任務中，左顳頂葉區（LTP）接收過量資訊但整合效率降低，功能連接異常反映病理機制，可作為標靶介入依據。
Jumping-to-conclusions bias, cognitive function, and intolerance of uncertainty in adolescents with major depressive disorder.
Journal of psychiatric research
青少年MDD在決策門檻值降低（較易下結論）但未顯示典型跳躍結論偏差，工作記憶與決策反應時間相關，提示決策異常可能源自認知控制而非偏見。